What is the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori?

The pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection in humans can be described in three steps: (1) entry to, adherence to, and colonization of the human gastric mucosa; (2) avoidance, subversion, or exploitation of the human immune system; and (3) multiplication, tissue damage, and transmission to a new susceptible host …

What is the mechanism of infection of H. pylori?

pylori enters the host stomach, four steps are critical for bacteria to establish successful colonization, persistent infection, and disease pathogenesis: (1) Survival in the acidic stomach; (2) movement toward epithelium cells by flagella-mediated motility; (3) attachment to host cells by adhesins/receptors …

What role does H. pylori infection play in the pathogenesis of ulcer disease?

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative spiral bacterium whose ecological niche is the human stomach. It is a major human pathogen that infects the stomach and produces inflammation that is responsible for diseases, such as duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

How does Helicobacter pylori cause ulcer?

The H. pylori bacteria weakens the protective mucous coating of the stomach and duodenum, thus allowing acid to get through to the sensitive lining beneath. Both the acid and the bacteria irritate the lining and cause a sore, or ulcer.

Is H. pylori Gram positive or negative?

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that infects half of the world’s population (29).

What percentage of ulcers are caused by H. pylori?

Researchers recently discovered that H. pylori causes almost all peptic ulcers, accounting for 80 percent of stomach ulcers and more than 90 percent of duodenal ulcers. H. pylori infection is common in the United States: about 20 percent of people under 40 and half of people over 60 are infected with it.